Comparison of Actual and Subjective Age Index-Based Body Shapes in Young-Old Women
Sujoung Cha
29(6) 1-19, 2025
DOI:10.12940/jfb.2025.29.6.1
Sujoung Cha
DOI:10.12940/jfb.2025.29.6.1
Abstract
This study examined differences in torso body shape between elderly women’s chronological age (60s) and perceived age (40s), and classified torso types to propose guidelines for apparel fit and pattern design. Data were obtained from the 8th Size Korea survey using 3D anthropometric measurements of 515 women (283 in their 40s and 232 in their 60s). Fifty-six measurements related to height, length, girth, depth, breadth, and shoulder slope, along with 15 indices, were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-tests, principal component analysis (PCA), cluster analysis, ANOVA, and chi-square tests. Significant age-related differences were found. Women in their 60s showed rounder torsos with greater waist, bust, and abdominal depth, whereas women in their 40s exhibited curvier silhouettes, larger bust and hip girths relative to the waist, and higher bust positions with less sagging. PCA extracted five components―torso horizontal, torso vertical, hip and crotch length, torso length, and shoulder slope―explaining 79.99% of variance. Cluster analysis identified four torso types: (1) sloped shoulders with a small torso and apple-shaped hips, (2) a large and long torso with apple-shaped hips, (3) sloped shoulders with drooping hips and an average torso, and (4) elevated shoulders with a high torso. Type 1 was most common in the 60s group, while Type 4 predominated among those with a perceived age in their 40s, highlighting the importance of integrating perceived age into apparel fit, pattern design, and sizing. The proposed guidelines improve fit, ease allowance, and design to enhance satisfaction and self-image among elderly consumers.
Key Words
apparel fit, body shape, subjective age, 3D anthropometry, young-old women
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A Study on Structural Morphological Principles of Natural Forms for Patternmaking Development and Educational Practice
Gayoung Huh
29(6) 20-32, 2025
DOI:10.12940/jfb.2025.29.6.20
Gayoung Huh
DOI:10.12940/jfb.2025.29.6.20
Abstract
This study investigates how principles of natural morphogenesis can be translated into fashion patternmaking as a means of reintroducing structural and process-oriented reasoning within a design environment increasingly shaped by artificial intelligence, virtual simulation, and three-dimensional digital tools. Grounded in constructive fashion design and biomimicry, the research approaches natural forms not as visual motifs but as systems governed by generative rules, including repetition, rotation, segmentation, and directional growth. Three natural structures with distinct morphogenetic logics―cactus, gastropod shells, and columnar jointing―were selected as case studies. The research methodology followed a sequential process consisting of observation, structural diagramming, geometric rule extraction, and translation into two-dimensional paper patterns, followed by three-dimensional verification through muslin toiles. The analysis demonstrates that spiral arrangements, rotational expansion, and modular columnar segmentation can be reinterpreted within garment construction as seam placements, panel configurations, length modulation, and volumetric flow. From an educational perspective, the project was implemented as a research-driven studio model in which students were required to observe, abstract, and test natural generative principles through iterative making processes. The findings indicate that nature-based patternmaking enhances structural intuition, analytical competence, and the development of individual formal language. More broadly, the study suggests that integrating natural morphogenetic principles into patternmaking offers a robust pedagogical strategy for restoring constructive thinking within contemporary fashion design education.
Key Words
biomimicry, natural morphogenesis, structural patternmaking, design education, form transformation
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The Interaction Structure of Emotional Design and User Experience in Energy-Harvesting Fashion
Soo Jeong Kim , Youn Hee Kim
29(6) 33-51, 2025
DOI:10.12940/jfb.2025.29.6.33
Soo Jeong Kim , Youn Hee Kim
DOI:10.12940/jfb.2025.29.6.33
Abstract
This study investigates the interaction between six newly defined user experience (UX) dimensions based on Donald Norman’s three-stage emotional design framework, focusing on energy-harvesting fashion products. This approach addresses the limitations of earlier studies that attempted to explain the complexity of energy-harvesting fashion using fragmented or single-dimensional models. By integrating emotional design and user experience into a unified analytical framework, this study proposes a new standard for evaluating smart fashion from a human-centered perspective. Fifteen representative case studies were selected and analyzed using data collected from academic literature and validated online sources. Through this theory-driven qualitative analysis, the study identifies how UX priorities differ and interact across the three stages of emotional design. At the visceral stage, user experience is mainly shaped by aesthetics, accessibility, and immediate usability, highlighting intuitive and sensory engagement. At the behavioral stage, efficiency, usability, and functional usefulness dominate, reflecting performance-oriented interaction and practical operation. At the reflective stage, values, aesthetics, and usability converge to support users’ cognitive interpretation, identity formation, and sustainability-centered meaning. Overall, this study contributes to the field by shifting attention from technical implementation to emotionally driven, human-centered experience. It offers a foundational framework for evaluating energy-harvesting fashion through the combined lenses of emotional design and user experience, providing practical implications for smart fashion development, usability assessment, and interdisciplinary design research. However, because the analysis relies on qualitative case studies and theoretical interpretation, the findings have limitations in generalizability and should be further validated through future empirical studies.
Key Words
emotional design, user experience, energy harvesting
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A BL-PBL Modular Class Model for Fashion Design Studio: A Hybrid Online-Offline Project-Based Learning Approach
Kyujin Lee
29(6) 52-71, 2025
DOI:10.12940/jfb.2025.29.6.52
Kyujin Lee
DOI:10.12940/jfb.2025.29.6.52
Abstract
The rapid convergence of digital technologies, sustainability imperatives, and artificial intelligence （AI） is fundamentally reshaping the competencies required of future fashion designers. In response, fashion education increasingly demands instructional models capable of fostering interdisciplinary design competencies that integrate technological literacy, ecological responsibility, and computational creativity. Traditional studio-based instruction alone is no longer sufficient to address these emerging needs. This study develops and empirically evaluates a BL-PBL （Blended Learning-Project Based Learning） modular instructional model implemented in a Fashion Design Studio course. The proposed model integrates three convergence oriented domains, ICT smart textile design, sustainable bio fashion design, and AI driven fashion design, within a single project centered studio framework. A quantitative research design, supplemented by qualitative learning evidence, was employed with 30 third-year undergraduate fashion design students participating in a 15-week course. The instructional model combined pre-class online learning for conceptual and technical preparation with synchronous studio-based project-based learning, supported by iterative feedback and structured reflection. Quantitative data were collected through a Likert-scale survey measuring learner engagement, convergence-based competencies, project-based learning experience, blended learning effectiveness, and overall course satisfaction, and were analyzed using descriptive statistics. The results indicate high levels of learner engagement, perceived convergence-based competency development, blended learning effectiveness, and overall course satisfaction. Students demonstrated enhanced abilities to integrate technological functionality, sustainability considerations, and AI-assisted ideation within a unified design workflow. These findings suggest that the BL-PBL modular instructional model provides an effective and coherent pedagogical framework for convergence-centered fashion design education.
Key Words
blended learning, project based learning, convergence-oriented fashion design education, ICT Smart textile design, sustainable bio-fashion, AI-driven fashion design
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Fashion ESG Marketing Typology and Effect Discourse: Text-Based Analysis of Domestic and International Fashion Brands
Hyunju Lim , Yumi Kim , Soyung Im
29(6) 72-88, 2025
DOI:10.12940/jfb.2025.29.6.72
Hyunju Lim , Yumi Kim , Soyung Im
DOI:10.12940/jfb.2025.29.6.72
Abstract
This study develops a fashion-industry-specific ESG marketing typology by analyzing how environmental (E), social (S), and governance (G) activities are communicated in brand-related texts. A corpus of 636 sentences and 217 standardized keywords was constructed from ESG-related news articles, press releases, and official website materials concerning ten domestic and international fashion brands (2020-2025). Using qualitative content analysis with structured keyword coding, the study identifies five high-level ESG marketing types and twelve sub-strategy types across the E/S/G dimensions. ESG communication is further examined through five effect-related discourse categories: brand trust, purchasing behavior, relationship and loyalty, competitiveness and risk management, and corporate value and supply chain stability. Findings show that brands systematically link ESG activities to these effect categories through recurrent discursive patterns rather than verified performance outcomes. Comparative analysis indicates that international brands tend to frame ESG as a long-term managerial and governance-based framework integrated into corporate operations, whereas domestic brands emphasize visible environmental initiatives and community-oriented projects, producing a more execution-centered ESG discourse. The study offers a systematic typology and discourse-based analytical framework that can inform future quantitative and mixed-method research on fashion ESG marketing.
Key Words
fashion ESG marketing, typology, discourse analysis, effect discourse, brand communication
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A Study on the Development of Bedding Textile Designs Utilizing Cézanne’s Paintings
Tao Ye , Youngjae Lee
29(6) 89-108, 2025
DOI:10.12940/jfb.2025.29.6.89
Tao Ye , Youngjae Lee
DOI:10.12940/jfb.2025.29.6.89
Abstract
This study presents a design development framework that incorporates the painterly formal language of Post-Impressionist artist Paul Cézanne into contemporary bedding textile design, aiming to balance artistic expression with practical functionality. Recent research shows that visual art can enhance emotional stability and support psychological recovery, leading to increased interest in integrating artistic elements into everyday living spaces. Bedding, which has constant physical contact with the body and significantly influences interior ambiance, serves as an ideal medium for delivering artistic experiences in daily life. This research systematically analyzes Cézanne’s paintings through iconographic and formal analysis, emphasizing form simplification, color plane segmentation, and the structural organization of the pictorial surface. Additionally, the study examines the pattern characteristics and compositional strategies of international bedding brands such as Marimekko, Beddinghouse, Christian Lacroix Maison, Ann Gish Collection, and Zigzag Zurich Artist Bedding to identify current market trends. Drawing on both theoretical analysis and market research, design strategies are developed to translate Cézanne’s formal principles into modern textile patterns. Four types of bedding designs are proposed: natural floral, geometric abstract, pastoral landscape, and color-plane collage patterns. To enhance commercial viability, international color trends for 2025/26―such as Future Dusk, Celestial Yellow, Mocha Mousse, and Pistachio Green―are applied alongside various repeat structures. The findings indicate that Cézanne’s painterly language can be effectively transformed into bedding textile design, contributing to visual stability, psychological comfort, and improved emotional quality in interior spaces.
Key Words
cézanne, post-impressionism, textile design, bedding, color trends
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A Rhizome-Based Approach to Fashion Design Processes: Proposing a Non-linear, Networked Generative Model
Yonkyu Lee
29(6) 109-131, 2025
DOI:10.12940/jfb.2025.29.6.109
Yonkyu Lee
DOI:10.12940/jfb.2025.29.6.109
Abstract
Contemporary fashion design increasingly displays non-linear, multi-layered, and generative characteristics that cannot be fully captured by conventional stage-based process models. Although existing fashion design research has largely relied on sequential frameworks moving from research to ideation and production, actual creative practice frequently involves simultaneity, recursion, failure, and recombination. This study reconceptualizes the fashion design process through the rhizome theory proposed by Gilles Deleuze and Félix Guattari to provide a more precise theoretical explanation of these non-linear dynamics.The study first examines the philosophical foundations of rhizomatic thinking and generative design cognition, and then reformulates the six principles of the rhizome―connectivity, heterogeneity, multiplicity, asignifying rupture, mapping, and decalcomania―as process-oriented analytical variables. Based on this framework, qualitative case analyses are conducted on the design practices of Rei Kawakubo (Comme des Garçons), Iris van Herpen, and Craig Green, whose works exemplify experimental, non-normative, and generative creative structures.The analysis demonstrates that contemporary fashion design functions as a reticular generative system in which inspiration, concept development, formal experimentation, and technological implementation occur simultaneously and interact recursively. On the basis of these findings, this study proposes a rhizome-based fashion design process model consisting of four interconnected generative domains: rhizomatic inspiration, conceptual branching, experimental combination and variation, and provisional re-territorialization.By framing fashion design as a non-hierarchical, networked, and continuously evolving process, this research offers a theoretically grounded alternative to linear models and provides analytical and pedagogical implications for contemporary fashion practice, including digital and AI-driven creative environments.
Key Words
fashion design process, rhizome theory, generative design thinking, non-linear design process, reticular generative structure, creative process analysis, digital fashion design
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A Case Study on Management Innovation in the Traditional Craft Industry: Focusing on Nakagawa Masashichi Shoten
Hyunju Jung , Jungeun Lee
29(6) 132-145, 2025
DOI:10.12940/jfb.2025.29.6.132
Hyunju Jung , Jungeun Lee
DOI:10.12940/jfb.2025.29.6.132
Abstract
Changes in the global economy and evolving consumer values have decreased the market for traditional crafts and weakened the associated industrial ecosystem. Japan's traditional craft sector has also faced a sustainability crisis amid these trends. However, Nakagawa Masashichi Shoten has achieved consistent growth by pursuing a strategy that enhances both industrial and cultural value, rather than focusing solely on preservation, while remaining rooted in traditional textiles. This study employs a business case study approach to examine how Nakagawa Masashichi Shoten broadened the application of craft products through its Re:Design strategy, which redefined the core values of traditional materials and techniques to better align with contemporary lifestyles. Additionally, the company was a pioneer in introducing the SPA system to the traditional crafts field, innovating the distribution structure and successfully implementing various management innovations. By focusing on Nakagawa Masashichi Shoten, a traditional Japanese craft company, this study analyzes the management innovation strategies that enabled the traditional craft industry to navigate structural crises and evolve into a modern industry. Furthermore, it offers foundational insights for revitalizing Korean traditional craft brands and industries through the analysis of Japanese business cases, providing a framework for establishing diverse strategies to enhance the global competitiveness of the Korean traditional craft sector.
Key Words
traditional crafts, Japanese craft industry, management innovation, re-design, SPA
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A Comparative Study of Traditional and Emerging Commercial Districts in Cheongju City Using Big Data Sentiment Analysis
Tae-youn Kim
29(6) 146-161, 2025
DOI:10.12940/jfb.2025.29.6.146
Tae-youn Kim
DOI:10.12940/jfb.2025.29.6.146
Abstract
This study analyzes consumer sentiment―both positive and negative―toward two commercial districts in Cheongju, South Korea: Seongan-gil, a traditional downtown area, and Bokdae-dong, an emerging commercial district. Using big data sentiment analysis of online posts and news articles, the research aims to identify sentiment-related characteristics that distinguish traditional from emerging commercial districts, with implications for local commercial revitalization and sustainable urban development. A total of 1,967 news articles, blog posts, and online community posts published on major Korean portal sites between March 2021 and August 2023 were collected. After data cleaning, 430 relevant sentences were analyzed using the Textom program. The analytical procedures included word frequency analysis, TF-IDF analysis, and sentiment lexicon analysis. The findings reveal that both districts are primarily associated with positive sentiments. In Seongan-gil, positive perceptions stem from favorable evaluations of cafés and restaurants, customer service quality, and hopes for cultural regeneration initiatives. Conversely, negative sentiments are linked to parking difficulties and concerns over declining sales. For Bokdae-dong, positive sentiments are associated with modern store atmospheres, interior design, and innovative business types, while negative sentiments primarily relate to high prices and parking inconvenience.
Academically, this study enhances commercial district research by integrating TF-IDF-based text mining with sentiment analysis to capture both cognitive and affective dimensions of consumer perception. Empirically and practically, the findings demonstrate that online sentiment data can illuminate the distinct experiential characteristics of commercial districts at different stages of development, providing insights for developing targeted revitalization strategies for traditional and emerging commercial areas.
Key Words
commercial districts analysis, sentiment analysis, big-data, sentiment lexicon, consumer emotions
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